I start by reviewing the content I want to cover and look through other question sources to get the juices flowing (see answer to constructing exams as well). I try to start a few days ahead of time so I have time to put it aside and then look at it again with a fresh perspective the next day. Often I will look through the week's news to find an interesting context. Once I have a tentative exam, I do show it to another faculty member to check for coverage and level of difficulty. I also advocate showing it to a TA to check for reasonableness and clarity. I'm fortunate to have a colleague who will review my exam after each of many revisions. I also time how long it takes me to take the exam (reading the questions and writing complete solutions) and multiply by 5 or 6 to see if that is close to the time allotment the students will have or if I should reduce the number of questions. I decide if the exam is reasonable by considering the point distribution and I even try to think a bit about the useful of each question (how much did I learn about the students). As I am grading the exam I make notes to myself on ways to change the question/grading the next time around.

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